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DATATYPES IN SQL  The data type represents the type of data to be entered into a column and Db engine can assign memory for thevalue entered into the column. There are 5 types of DataType in sql. String DataTypes Numeric DataTypes Date Datatypes Binary DataTypes LOB--Large Objects String Data Types These data types support sequence of character, digits and any symbol from keyboard. CHAR(size) It is used to store fixed length character strings. By default the size is 1 character, and max size is 2000 chars orbytes. Ex: student_id, email, address and so on VARCHAR2(size) It is used to store variable length character strings. No default size. we should specify size and max size is 4000 chars /bytes. Ex: emp names, addresses, descriptions, city names. LONG It is used to store variable length char data(similar to varchar2 data type) but max size is 2 GB NOTE: Only one long type column is allowed per a table. 1) NUMBER(Precision, [Scale])    It is used to store numb

#include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> #include<stdlib.h> void main() { FILE *fp; char ch; fp=fopen(" full qulified file name that you want to read ","r"); if(fp==NULL) { printf("can not open file\n"); exit(1); } while((ch=fgetc(fp))!=EOF) { fputc(ch,stdprn); } fclose(fp); getch(); }

There are  two  types of constants available in c language. Primary constants  - intreger constants, real constants, character constants. Secondary constants - array, pointer, structure, union, enum. etc

The exp() function computes the exponential (Euler's number) raised to the given argument. C exp() Prototype double exp(double arg); The exp(arg) takes a single argument and returns the value in type   double . — maths e^x = exp(x) [in c programming] It is defined in  <math.h> header file. EXAMPLE- #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> int main () { double x = 12.0 , result ; result = exp ( x ); printf ( "Exponential of %.2lf = %.2lf" , x , result ); return 0 ; } Output Enter the value of x to find e ^ x : 12 Exponential of 12.00 = 162754.79

A   structure   enables us to treat a number of different variable stored at different places in memory. A  union   enables us to treat the same space in memory as a number of different variable.

#include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> void printFibonacci(int n){ static int n1=0,n2=1,n3; if(n>0){ n3 = n1 + n2; n1 = n2; n2 = n3; printf("%d ",n3); printFibonacci(n-1); } } void main(){ int n; clrscr(); printf("Enter the number of elements: "); scanf("%d",&n); printf("Fibonacci Series: "); printf("%d %d ",0,1); printFibonacci(n-2); //n-2 because 2 numbers are already printed getch(); } Enter the number of elements : 15 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377

Bit fields are not portable . Because  bit fields cannot span machine words , and because the number of bits in a machine word is different on different machines, a particular program using bit fields might not even compile on a particular machine. Assuming that your program does compile, the order in which bits are assigned to bit fields is not defined. Therefore, different compilers, or even different versions of the same compiler, could produce code that would not work properly on data generated by compiled older code. Stay away from using bit fields, except in cases in which the machine can directly address bits in memory and the compiler can generate code to take advantage of it and the increase in speed to be gained would be essential to the operation of the program.

Bit fields are used in Data Structure and it is partial size member variables inside a structure. When we use number programming that time we use Bit fields. Example- Decimal to Binary Conversion In the Bit fields left most bit is called sign bit.