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Some important and unknown(least used) ruby methods.

 1) inject or reduce      When called, the inject method will pass each element and accumulate each sequentially.     ex:         [1,2,3].inject(:+)    => ((1+2)+3))   //we have can any operator here i.e +,-,*,/,%         OR         [1,2,3].inject{|sum, value| sum + value } => 1 iteration:  (1 + 2)                                                                                             =>  2 iteration: (3(1st iteration sum)+3)            we  can also pass it a default value or base value for the accumulator.     ex:          [1,2,3].inject(0, :+)    => (0+(1+2)+3)) //so here initial value for sum is 0.          We can also use inject menthods for building hash's from the array's     ex:           [[:book, "data structure"], [:price, "400rs"]].inject({}) do |result, element|               result[element.first] = element.last               result           end            #=> {:book=>"data structure", :price=>"400rs&qu